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Apu (1899 icebreaker)
''Apu'' was a Finnish state-owned steam-powered icebreaker built by Howaldtswerke in Kiel, Germany, in 1899. Initially owned by a private shipping company founded by shipowners from the Finnish city of Turku and known as ''Avance'', she was later purchased by the Finnish Board of Navigation and her name was translated into Finnish. ''Apu'' remained in service until 1959, when she was replaced by the new diesel-electric ''Murtaja''.
== Construction ==
When the winter navigation committee appointed by the Senate of Finland in 1895 decided that the state-owned icebreakers would assist merchant ships only to the port of Hanko during the winter, the shipowners from Turku did not lose their faith in year-round traffic to their hometown. In 1898 they founded a joint shipping company, Isbrytare Aktiebolaget Avance (Icebreaker Company Avance), to order and maintain an icebreaker that would be used to maintain year-round traffic to the port of Turku. The new company was partially funded by the city and also received a long-term interest-free loan from the state. With total assets of 650,000 Finnish markkas (FIM) the company ordered a new icebreaker, designed by Swedish engineer C. Bagge, from the Howaldtswerke shipyard in Kiel, Germany. The total cost of the new vessel, christened ''Avance'', was FIM 616,000 and in many respects she resembled the first state-owned icebreaker, ''Murtaja''. She was completed and delivered to owners in February 1899.〔Laurell 1992, p. 68-71.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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